Copper Trading Explained: Cathode, Ore, and Scrap — A Buyer’s Guide
A guide to trading copper cathode, ore, concentrate and scrap: grades and purity, assay, LME-based pricing, documentation, and choosing a reliable supplier.
Trade Insights
Trade Insights
A Buyer’s Guide to Responsibly Sourced Gold: Purity, Assay, and Secure Delivery
What international buyers should know before purchasing gold: karat and fineness, assay and verification, responsible-sourcing compliance, documentation, and secure logistics.
Trade Insights
Grading Scrap Metal for Export: HMS, Copper Millberry, Aluminium and UBC Explained
A practical guide to international scrap metal grades for buyers and sellers: copper Millberry, aluminium wire and UBC, HMS 1 and 2, used rails, and what drives value.
Trade Insights
FOB, CFR and CIF Explained: A Commodity Buyer’s Guide to Incoterms
A clear guide to the FOB, CFR and CIF Incoterms for commodity buyers: who pays for freight and insurance, when risk transfers, and how to compare quotes.
Trade Insights
Sourcing Agricultural Commodities from East Africa: A Buyer’s Guide to Quality and Reliable Supply
What international buyers should know about sourcing cashew nuts, sesame, coffee and other crops from East Africa: quality, grading, documentation, and logistics.